Sunday, November 30, 2008

Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies


The Governoor General of The Dutch East Indies represented the Dutch rule in the Ducth East Indies between 1610 and Dutch recognition of the independence of Indonesia in 1949.

The First Governoor Generaal were appointed by the Dutch East Indie Company ( VOC ). After VOC was formally dissolved in 1800, the territorial possessions of the VOC were nationalized under the Dutch government as the Dutch East Indies, a colony of the Netherlands. The Governoor Generaal were appointed by the dutch government.

Under the period of British control ( 1811-1816 ), the equivalent position was the Lieutenant Governor, of whom the most notable is Thomas Stanford Raffles. Between 1942 and 1945, while Hubertus Johannes van Mook was the nominal Governoor Generaal, the area was under Japanese control, and was governed by two sequence of governoors, in Java and Sumatra. After 1948 in negotiations for independence, the equivalent position was named High Commissioner of the Crown in the Dutch East Indies.

LIST of GOVERNOORS GENERAAL

Dutch East Indie Company

  • 1610 - 1614 : Pieter Both
  • 1614 - 1615 : Gerard Reynst
  • 1615 - 1619 : Laurens Reael
  • 1619 - 1623 : Jan Pieterszoon Coen
  • 1623 - 1627 : Pieter de Carpentier
  • 1627 - 1629 : Jan Pieterszoon Coen
  • 1629 - 1632 : Jacques Specx
  • 1632 - 1636 : Hendrik Brouwer
  • 1636 - 1645 : Anthony van Diemen
  • 1645 - 1650 : Cornelis van der Lijn
  • 1650 - 1653 : Carel Reyniersz
  • 1653 - 1678 : Joan Maetsuycker
  • 1678 - 1681 : Rijckloff van Goens
  • 1681 - 1684 : Cornelis Speelman
  • 1684 - 1691 : Johannes Camphuys
  • 1691 - 1704 : Willem van Outhoorn
  • 1704 - 1709 : Joan van Hoorn
  • 1709 - 1713 : Abraham van Riebeeck
  • 1713 - 1718 : Christoffel van Swol
  • 1718 - 1725 : Hendrick Zwaardecroon
  • 1725 - 1729 : Mattheus de Haan
  • 1729 - 1732 : Diederik Durven
  • 1732 - 1735 : Dirk van Cloon
  • 1735 - 1737 : Abraham Patras
  • 1737 - 1741 : Adriaan Valckenier
  • 1741 - 1743 : Johannes Thedens
  • 1743 - 1750 : Gustaaf Willem baron van Imhoff
  • 1750 - 1761 : Jacoob Mossel
  • 1761 - 1775 : Petrus Albertus van der Parra
  • 1775 - 1777 : Jeremias van Riemsdijk
  • 1777 - 1780 : Reinier de Klerk
  • 1780 - 1796 : Willem Arnold Alting
Dutch East Indies

  • 1796 - 1801 : Pieter Gerardus van Overstraten
  • 1801 - 1805 : Johannes Siberg
  • 1805 - 1808 : Albertus Wiese
  • 1808 - 1811 : Herman Willem Daendels
  • 1811 - 1811 : Jan Willem Janssens
  • 1811 - 1816 : under British rules :
  • 1811 : Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto
  • 1811 - 1816 : Thomas Stamford Raffles
  • 1816 : John Fendall
  • 1816 - 1826 : G.A.G.Ph. Baron van der Capellen
  • 1826 - 1830 : L.P.J.Burggraaf du Bus de Gisignies/ Hendrik Merkus de Kock
  • 1830 - 1833 : Graaf van den Bosch
  • 1833 - 1836 : Jean Chretien Baud
  • 1836 - 1840 : Dominique Jacques de Eerens
  • 1840 - 1841 : Carel Sirardus Willem van Hogendorp
  • 1841 - 1844 : Pieter Merkus
  • 1844 - 1845 : J.C. Reijnst
  • 1845 - 1851 : Jan Jacoob Rochussen
  • 1851 - 1856 : Albertus Jacobus Duymaer van Twist
  • 1856 - 1861 : Charles Ferdinand Pahud
  • 1861 - 1866 : Ludolph Anne Jan Wilt Sloet van de Beele
  • 1866 - 1872 : Pieter Mijer
  • 1872 - 1875 : James Loudon
  • 1875 - 1881 : Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge
  • 1881 - 1884 : Freserik s'Jacoob
  • 1884 - 1888 : Otto van Rees
  • 1888 - 1893 : Cornelis Pijnacker Hordijk
  • 1893 - 1899 : Carel Herman Aart van Wijck
  • 1899 - 1904 : Willem Rooseboom
  • 1904 - 1909 : Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz
  • 1909 - 1916 : Alexander Willem Frederik Idenburg
  • 1916 - 1921 : Johan Paul van Limburg Stirum
  • 1921 - 1926 : Dirk Fock
  • 1926 - 1931 : Andries Cornelis Dirk de Graeff
  • 1931 - 1936 : Bonifacius Cornelis de Jonge
  • 1936 - 1942 : Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer
  • 1942 - 1948 : Hubertus Johannes van Mook
  • 1942 - 1945 : Under Japanese control
Military governor of Java :
  • March - November 1942 : Hitoshi Imamura
  • November 1942 - November 1944 : Kumashaki Harada
  • November 1944 - September 1945 : Shigeichi Yamamoto
Military governor of Sumatra :
  • March - July 1942 : Tomoyuki Yamashita ( the tiger of Malaya )
  • July 1942 - April 1943 : Yaheita Saito
  • April 1943 - August 1945 : Moritake Tanabe
  • 1948 - 1949 : Louise Beel ( High Commissioner )
  • 1949 : A.H.J Lovink ( High Commissioner )


Taken from Wikipedia and other

Thursday, November 27, 2008

The Qur'an on the Expanding Universe and the Big Bang Theory

Hubble’s Law
>For thousands of years, astronomers wrestled with basic questions concerning the universe. Until the early 1920’s, it was believed that the universe had always been in existence; also, that the size of the universe was fixed and not changing. However, in 1912, the American astronomer, Vesto Slipher, made a discovery that would soon change astronomers’ beliefs about the universe. Slipher, noticed that the galaxies were moving away from earth at huge velocities. These observations provided the first evidence supporting the expanding-universe theory.

In 1916, Albert Einstein formulated his General Theory of Relativity that indicated that the universe must be either expanding or contracting. Confirmation of the expanding-universe theory finally came in 1929 in the hands of the well known American astronomer Edwin Hubble.
By observing redshifts in the light wavelengths emitted by galaxies, Hubble found that galaxies were not fixed in their position; instead, they were actually moving away from us with speeds proportional to their distance from earth (Hubble's Law). The only explanation for this observation was that the universe had to be expanding. Hubble’s discovery is regarded as one of the greatest in the history of astronomy. In 1929, he published the velocity-time relation which is the basis of modern cosmology. In the years to come, with further observations, the expanding-universe theory was accepted by scientists and astronomers alike.


Yet, astonishingly well before telescopes were even invented and well before Hubble published his Law, Prophet Muhammad used to recite a verse of the Quran to his companions that ultimately stated that the universe is expanding.

“And the heaven We created with might, and indeed We are (its) expander.” (Quran 51:47)
At the time of the revelation of the Quran, the word “space” was not known, and people used the word “heaven” to refer to what lies above the Earth. In the above verse, the word “heaven” is referring to space and the known universe. The verse points out that space, and thus the universe, happens to be expanding, just as Hubble’s Law states.
That the Quran mentioned such a fact centuries before the invention of the first telescope, at a time when there was primitive knowledge in science, is considered remarkable. This is more so considering that, like many people in his time, Prophet Muhammad happened to be illiterate and simply could not have been aware of such facts by himself. Could it be that he had truly received divine revelation from the Creator and Originator of the universe?
The Big Bang Theory

Soon after Hubble published his theory, he went on to discover that not only were galaxies moving away from the Earth, but were also moving away from one another. This meant that the universe happened to be expanding in every direction, in the same way a balloon expands when filled with air. Hubble’s new findings placed the foundations for the Big Bang theory.
The Big Bang theory states that around 12-15 billion years ago the universe came into existence from one single extremely hot and dense point, and that something triggered the explosion of this point that brought about the beginning of the universe. The universe, since then, has been expanding from this single point.
Later, in 1965, radio astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson made a Noble Prize winning discovery that confirmed the Bing Bang theory. Prior to their discovery, the theory implied that if the single point from which the universe came into existence was initially extremely hot, then remnants of this heat should be found. This remnant heat is exactly what Penzias and Wilson found. In 1965, Penzias and Wilson discovered a 2.725 degree Kelvin Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) that spreads through the universe. Thus, it was understood that the radiation found was a remnant of the initial stages of the Big Bang. Presently, the Big Bang theory is accepted by the vast majority of scientists and astronomers.

It is mentioned in the Quran:

“He (God) is the Originator of the heavens and the earth…” (Quran 6:101)

“Is not He who created the heavens and the earth Able to create the likes of them? Yes; and He is the Knowing Creator. His command is only when He intends a thing that He says to it, ‘Be,’ and it is.” (Quran 36:81-82)

The above verses prove that the universe had a beginning, that God was behind its creation, and all that God needs to do inorder to create is to say “Be,” and it is. Could this be an explanation as to what triggered off the explosion that brought about the beginning of the universe?
The Quran also mentions:

“Have those who disbelieved not considered that the heavens and the earth were a joined entity, then We separated them, and made from water every living thing? Then will they not believe?” (Quran 21:30)

Muslim scholars who have explained the previous verse mention that the heavens and earth were once one, and then God caused them to separate and form into the seven heavens and Earth. Yet, due to the limitations of science and technology at the time of the revelation of the Quran (and for centuries to follow), no scholar was able to give much detail about how exactly the heavens and earth were created. What the scholars could explain was the precise meaning of each word in Arabic in the verse, as well as the overall meaning of the verse.
In the previous verse, the Arabic words ratq and fataq are used. The word ratq can be translated into “entity”sewn to” “joined together or “closed up”. The meaning of these translations all circulate around something that is mixed and that has a separate and distinct existence. The verb fataq is translated into We unstitched” “We clove them asunder” “We separated” or We have opened them”. These meanings imply that something comes into being by an action of splitting or tearing apart. The sprouting of a seed from the soil is a good example of a similar illustration of the meaning of the verb fataq.With the introduction of the Big Bang theory, it soon became clear to Muslim scholars that the details mentioned with regards to the theory go identically hand in hand with the description of the creation of the universe in verse 30 of chapter 21 of the Quran. The theory states that all the matter in the universe came into existence from one single extremely hot and dense point; that exploded and brought about the beginning of the universe, matches what is mentioned in the verse that the heaven and Earth (thus the universe) where once joined together, and then split apart. Once again, the only possible explanation is that Prophet Muhammad had truly received divine revelation from God, The Creator and Originator of the universe.

History of Chinese Embroidery

> Chinese embroidery boasts a very long history. As the "Longevity embroidery" and "Token embroidery" unearthed from the Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan Province, indicate, it reached a rather high level of development some 2000-3000 years ago. Wang Jia of the Jin Dynasty wrote in Making Good Omissions: "In the period of Three Kingdoms, Madame Zhao, wife of His Lord the chief of Wu, could embroider the map of all kingdoms on a piece of silk fabric, with the mountain ranges, rivers and sees all clearly shown. People of that time described it as superb needle-work." The said map was perhaps the earliest recorded embroidery in China.
> Embroidery, a folk art with a long tradition, has an important position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts. In its long development embroidery has been inseparable from silkworm raising and silk reeling and weaving.
> China was the first country in the world to weave silk. Silkworms were domesticated as early as some 5,000 years ago. The production of silk threads and fabrics gave rise to the art of embroidery. In 1958, a piece of silk embroidered with a dragon and phoenix was discovered in a state of Chu tomb of the Warring Sates Period (475-221BC). More than 2,000 years old, it is the earliest piece of Chinese embroidery ever unearthed. Embroidery became widespread during the Han Dynasty (206BC-AD220) and many embroidered pieces discovered date back to that period.
> Today, silk embroidery is practiced nearly all over China. The Four Famous Embroideries of China refer to the Xiang embroidery in central China's Hunan Province, Shu embroidery in western China's Sichuan Province, Yue embroidery in southern China's Guangdong Province and Su embroidery in eastern China's Jiangsu Province.
Xiang Embroidery
Xiang embroidery is well known for its time-honored history, excellent craftsmanship and unique style. The earliest piece of Xiang embroidery was unearthed at the No 1 Tomb of Mawangdui, Changsha City of the Han Dynasty (206BC-AD220). The weaving technique was almost the same as the one used in modern times, which demonstrated that embroidery had already existed in the Han Dynasty. In its later development, Xiang Embroidery absorbed the characteristics of traditional Chinese paintings and formed its own unique characteristics. Xiang embroidery experienced its heyday at the end of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) and in the early Republic of China (early 20th century), even surpassing Su embroidery. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Xiang embroidery was further improved and developed to a new level.
Xiang embroidery uses pure silk, hard satin, soft satin and nylon as its material, which is connected with colorful silk threads. Absorbing the spirit of Chinese paintings, the embroidery reaches a high artistic level. Xiang embroidery crafts include valuable works of art, as well as materials for daily use.
Shu Embroidery
Also called Chuan embroidery, Shu embroidery is the general name for embroidery products in areas around Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Shu embroidery enjoys a long history. As early as the Han Dynasty, Shu embroidery was already famous. The central government even designated an office in this area for its administration. During the Five Dynasties and Ten States periods (907-960), a peaceful society and large demand provided advanced conditions for the rapid development of the Shu Embroidery industry. Shu embroidery experienced its peak development in the Song Dynasty (960-1279), ranking first in both production and excellence. In the mid-Qing Dynasty, the Shu embroidery industry was formed. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Shu embroidery factories were set up and the craft entered a new phase of ddevelopment, using innovative techniques and a larger variety of forms.
Originating among the folk people in the west of Sichuan Province, Shu embroidery formed its own unique characteristics: smooth, bright, neat and influenced by the geographical environment, customs and cultures. The works incorporated flowers, leaves, animals, mountains, rivers and human figures as their themes. Altogether, there are 122 approaches in 12 categories for weaving. The craftsmanship of Shu embroidery involves a combination of fine arts, aesthetics and practical uses, such as the facings of quits, pillowcases, coats, shoots and screen covers.
Yue Embroidery
Also called Guang embroidery, Yue embroidery is a general name for embroidery products of the regions of Guangzhou, Shantou, Zhongshan, Fanyu and Shunde in Guangdong Province. According to historical records, in the first year of Yongyuan's reign (805) during the Tang Dynasty (618-907), a girl named Lu Meiniang embroidered the seventh volume of the Fahua Buddhist Scripture on a piece of thin silk 30 cm long. And so, Yue embroidery became famous around the country. The prosperous Guangzhou Port of the Song Dynasty promoted the development of Yue embroidery, which began to be exported at that time. During the Qing Dynasty, people animal hair as the raw material for Yue embroidery, which made the works more vivid. During Qianlong's reign (1736-1796) of the Qing, an industrial organization was established in Guangzhou. At that time, a large number of craftsmen devoted themselves to the craft, inciting further improvements to the weaving technique. Since 1915, the work of Yue embroidery garnered several awards at the Panama Expo.
Influenced by national folk art, Yue embroidery formed its own unique characteristics. The embroidered pictures are mainly of dragons and phoenixes, and flowers and birds, with neat designs and strong, contrasting colors. Floss, thread and gold-and-silk thread embroidery are used to produce costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use.
Su Embroidery
With a history of more than 3,000 years, Su embroidery is the general name for embroidery products in areas around Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. The craft, which dates back to the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280), became a sideline of people in the Suzhou area during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). Well known for its smoothness and delicateness, Su embroidery won Suzhou the title City of Embroidery in the Qing Dynasty. In the mid and late Qing, Su embroidery experienced further developments involving works of double-sided embroidering. There were 65 embroidery stores in Suzhou City. During the Republic of China period (1912-1949), the Su embroidery industry was in decline due to frequent wars and it was restored and regenerated after the founding of new China. In 1950, the central government set up research centers for Su embroidery and launched training courses for the study of embroidery. Weaving methods have climbed from 18 to the present 40.
Su embroidery features a strong, folk flavor and its weaving techniques are characterized by the following: the product surface must be flat, the rim must be neat, the needle must be thin, the lines must be dense, the color must be harmonious and bright and the picture must be even. Su embroidery products fall into three major categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use, which integrate decorative and practical values. Double-sided embroidery is an excellent representative of Su embroidery.
In addition to the four major embroidery styles there are Ou embroidery of Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province; Bian embroidery of Kaifeng, Henan Province and Han embroidery of Wuhan, Hubei Province.

More things You Never Knew About Making Money With Online


Starting an online business can be a nerve-wracking process, particularly if trade is unfamiliar ground to you. Some people often think that just because they've never sold a thing in their life, they would be in a strange land if they so much as make a sales pitch. Which is really too bad, considering that there are plenty of opportunities that could have provided them with extra income or a way to use their skills and talents, if only they took the chance. These days, though, more and more people make money online with their own businesses and if they've enjoyed some measure of success, why shouldn't you?
So what's it like to make money online?
To show you what it's like to start a business making money online, let's outline the things that you can expect in this type of venture:
#Business Processes Are Streamlined.
Believe it or not, starting a money-making business online will allow you to run a retail business all by yourself. It's like manning a shop without any assistants or extra staff. Since many of the resources you'll need are available online, there's no need to purchase or install physical equipment. Inventory can be kept low and communication between buyers and suppliers is faster.
Since feedback from customers is also faster, improving the business is also a lot easier. In the past, customer complaints brought about by a defective product often took weeks or months before they were resolved.
#A Flatter Organization Is Encouraged.
It's not that there is something wrong with traditional organizational hierarchies but flatter organizations mean that it is easier for someone in the organization to take command responsibility. Jobs are also easily assigned thanks to a simpler business process.
Best of all, customers are more likely to get in direct contact with the business owner. It's like being able to get an appointment with the company CEO without going through four secretaries and three executive assistants.
#The Turnover Of Products In Exchange For Cash Is Faster.
Given that you have the right business model and products to go with it, a money-making online business can provide you with a means to sell and earn, sometimes literally within a matter of minutes. If you've tried posting an item up for auction on a popular website, for example, you probably have noticed this phenomenon.
#You Can Let Competition Bother You Or Improve You.
Make money online businesses are not well-kept secrets. By now, almost anyone who has access to a computer knows that there's cash to be made on the Internet. As such, expect some tough competition out there. In some industries, for example, there's already some serious market saturation, where people may still make money but only in trickles.
However, there's hope. Experienced internet marketers continue to create innovative ways and means to provide other online entrepreneurs a way with which to earn. Expect these new opportunities to emerge in order to meet new demands. One of these opportunities, for example, is Big Ticket to Wealth, a network marketing program that follows the established formula of MLM and yet, effectively came up with a unique way of allowing its members to earn more with its matching override scheme. Through this scheme, sponsors are able to earn more commissions from businesses brought in by their members. It's programs like this that you should watch out for, where efforts are well rewarded.
Sometimes, It Truly Is About You.
Sometimes, all it takes to make money with an online business is a skill or a talent, literally. Since all the traditional requirements often needed to run a business offline is no longer required online, anyone with the right set of skills or marketable talents can use these qualities and turn them into a saleable product or service.Think about it: if you're a graphic designer, for example, all you truly need in order to turn your skill and experience into a money-making online business are a computer, software for graphics creation and editing, an Internet connection and a website from which to advertise your skills and attract clients. Plus, it's a one-man operation; you offer your own services and get to pocket every penny you earn. No need to pay the middleman, your manager or your staff. When you can run an online business that lets you make money you can claim as 100% yours, what could be better than that?













A Few Tips on Direct Advertising For Your Site


1. Before Looking For Direct Advertisers, Read Your Site.I say read your site first before attempting to contact companies. Why? Well, you have to ask yourself, is my site worth advertising on? You can't expect a direct advertiser to sign up on a pro-bono case. If you are just starting out in this business, don't expect to reach the brightest stars. Settle for small companies or sites until you have established the popularity and credibility of your site.
2. Search For Advertisers.There are several ways to search for sponsors. One is through search engines, where you perform a search on sites such as google.com, yahoo.com and vivisimo.com. There are also marketing websites to search from such as text-links-ads.com. Another way is to check out other blogs with related contents as yours and look at their advertisers. Chances are, they will sign a similar deal with you.
3. Target Potential Sponsors.Carefully target your sponsors. Think of the content of your blog and the kind of readers you'll most probably attract. Choose the companies that your viewers can relate to. Then, make a list of the potential companies that can mutually benefit in advertising on your site.
4. Sell Your Web Page.It is not enough that you ask your target companies if they would like to sponsor your site, you have to attract them to do so. Show them what they will be buying. Emphasize the benefits they will get by placing their ads on your page. Give them reasons to sponsor. If your site content is directly connected to their product, tell them. If your site is manning web traffic, let that be known. The best way to get advertisers is to beat them at their own game.
5. Give Special Offers.If they are still reluctant to promote their product on your site, give them special offers. Give them a discount to draw them into making a deal with you. Or perhaps, a free trial to test what your site can offer.
6. Give Their Generosity Justice.If you are lucky enough to get your target sponsors, remember to create the best value you can offer. Make your site as informative and entertaining as possible to generate a larger traffic number. You can also promote your site to other pages so that your page can be accessed more. Furthermore, build your credibility as a businessman and follow contract agreements. Remember, happy advertisers make hefty wallets.

3 Major Ways to Make Real Money Online

Thank you, technology! With all the advancements that have expanded our capabilities today, we have more reasons to use our skills to earn more and participate in a change that will revolutionize the way we look at business. Making money was never this easy and convenient. Here, I present to you the different ways you can make money online, for real:
Hobby Money
Hobby money refers to the type of money you can make that gives you just enough to spend for your hobbies, buy things, maybe pay a few bills. Usually, hobby money is the amount you make doing things online on a part-time basis. Some of these include:
Participating In Online Auctions
If you check out the magnitude of the market for online auctions and the number of items that have been sold through this medium, you'll find that this is an entire industry in itself. Online auctions are a very convenient means to make money, particularly because they don't require a lot of resources from the participants. Simply create your own account, participate, buy or get paid. It's that easy. Plus, if you join a reputable website, you can be assured of safe and fast transactions.
Offering Pay-Per-Click Ads
Google is currently still king of this domain. As one of its subjects, you can set up a website, offer content and host links to ads paid for by sponsors and advertisers. Each time your visitors click on the links and perform a certain task, money goes into your account.Depending on the types of ads you host, money may be good enough or just so-so. However, if you do pursue this method, you'll earn enough for some extra cash.
Decent Money
Decent money is more than hobby money. We're talking from a few hundred to a few thousand dollars here, probably enough to let you work part-time on your day job. Some of these opportunities include:
Skill-Based Jobs
Nope, I'm not recommending data entry jobs, unless you want to make the kind of money found in the first category. If you have some very special skills, you could turn them into a money-making venture. Use your skills as a writer, photographer, graphic artist, cartoonist, web designer, etc. As long as your skills are marketable, you'll probably find a ready group of clients waiting for you.
Selling Physical Goods And Products
Got a website? Turn it into an online store and make money. Lots of people have used their interests and hobbies into businesses, selling products and services from their own websites. You can offer specialized products to service a niche market or you can cast your net over a wider market and sell to a wider, more generalized market.
Potentially Lucrative
Some online money-making opportunities might not make you a millionaire overnight but they can help you make some really good cash. Some of these businesses include:
MLM Program
Join a legitimate MLM program. Multilevel marketing programs can be very good sources of income, both direct and residual. After the initial hard work, you'll usually find enough momentum to let the business just work for you. Look for programs that pay well, such as BigTicketToWealth, which also offers a variety of products that will ensure that you'll cover a significant number of people in your target market.
Sell Software And Electronic Materials
E-books, music, widgets and programs are big business on the Internet. The use of computers has expanded so fast and so deliberately that it would be truly crazy to just allow the opportunity to pass you by. The demand is already there; all you have to do is provide the right product.Take your pick from all the choices you have in this area: computer programs, graphic images, documents (e-books, newsletters, special reports, premium content), music (in the form of downloadable ring tones for mobile phones and MP3 songs), videos, games, film and photographs.
Buying A Franchise
A franchise takes away all the burden of starting your own business yourself. Everything you need to start making money online is right there; from the procedures to the inventory to the brand name and logo. If it is an established online business franchise, you're very nearly assured of a strong market and some nice earnings